NeuraltNätverk skrev:Frågan är väl varför vissa förklaringar borde uteslatas pga att de inte är "politiskt korrekta".
De gör de inte. De utesluts för att de inte stämmer.
Mainstream psykologiska förklaringsmodeller för den postulera överrepresentation av tonårsflickor och kvinnor inom gruppen individer med konversionsstörning är inte för att de är "inneboende ostabila och hysteriska". Detta är en föreställning som primärt kommer från Freud. Modern forskning visar att individer som tenderar att uppvisa neurotiskt beteende inte är överrepresenterade bland individer med .konversionsstörning
Bartholomew, R. E, & Wessely, S. (2002).
Protean nature of mass sociogenic illness. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 180(4), 300-306.
Scientists typically search for the causes of mass sociogenic illness by seeking abnormalities in those affected. Their conflicting and inconclusive findings are not surprising because episodes involve social realities and the consequences of beliefs. Investigators of modern-day outbreaks of mass sociogenic illness in school and job settings have used standardised personality tests to identify social, psychological and even physical characteristics, such as gender, in trying to tell why some members of the same group are affected whereas others are not. There is no consistent pattern. Thirty-five affected workers at a fish packaging plant scored higher than controls on the Eysenck Personality Inventory scale for extroversion (Smith et al, 1978), whereas 90 affected electronics assembly workers scored lower than those who were unaffected. Goldberg associated absenteeism and mass sociogenic illness (Goldberg, 1973), but Cole (1990) did not. Some results suggest that those affected score higher on scales for paranoia (Goldberg, 1973), neuroticism (McEvedy et al, 1966; Moss & McEvedy, 1966) and hysterical traits (Knight et al, 1965), whereas others found no correlations (Olson, 1928; Olczak et al, 1971; Teoh et al, 1975; Tam et al, 1982). Gary Small and his colleagues link academic performance and becoming ill (Small et al, 1991), whereas Goh (1987) found no association. Small also correlated the death of a significant other during early childhood and being stricken with epidemic hysteria (Small & Nicholi, 1982), and yet this observation was not confirmed in another study by the same researcher (Small & Borus, 1983). Some investigators report that those affected have below-average IQs (Knight et al, 1965), whereas opposite impressions were given by others (Olson, 1928; Schuler & Parenton, 1943). It seems clear that there is no particular predisposition to mass sociogenic illness and it is a behavioural reaction that anyone can show in the right circumstances.
och
Mass sociogenic illness mirrors prominent social concerns, changing in relation to context and circumstance. Prior to 1900, reports are dominated by episodes of motor symptoms typified by dissociation, histrionics and psychomotor agitation incubated in an environment of preexisting tension. Twentieth-century reports feature anxiety symptoms that are triggered by sudden exposure to an anxiety-generating agent, most commonly an innocuous odour or food poisoning rumours. From the early 1980s to the present there has been an increasing presence of chemical and biological terrorism themes, climaxing in a sudden shift since the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks in the USA.
Balaratnasingam, S., & Janca, A. (2006).
Mass hysteria revisited. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 19(2), 171-174
A number of personality studies have been conducted with those involved in cases of mass hysteria with the aim of identifying predominant social, psychological, and physical characteristics, and thus ascertaining individuals predisposed to such reactions and manifestations. Personality types are described variously as being more extroverted, more paranoid and hysterical, of lower IQ, being more likely to be women or having experienced the death of a significant other in early childhood. Few consistent patterns exist across the studies, and many of the conclusions are divergent. Subsequently, mass or epidemic hysteria is currently accepted as unassociated with any psychological or personality disorders and as a behavioral reaction, which all people are capable of experiencing given the right conditions of fear and uncertainty.
Orsaken till psykiska funktionshinder (denna etikett på masshysteri är kontroversiell) är ofta ett komplext samspel mellan biologiska, psykologiska och miljörelaterade faktorer. Forskare förkastar inte förklaringsmodellen "kvinnor är inneboende ostabila och hysteriska" för kvinnors överrepresentation i gruppen individer som upplever masshysteri för att den är politiskt inkorrekt, utan för att den inte stämmer med de empiriska resultat som finns att tillgå. Det är även svårt att ta den "nyanserade, icke-sexistiska förklaringen" på allvar för att den är på tok för begränsad i sin beskrivning av faktorer som påverkar förekomsten av masshysteri. Den är med andra ord inte alls nyanserad, trots att den hävdar sig vara det.
